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Protein scaffold engineering for immune checkpoint targeting, tumor microenvironment modulation, and Cancer immunotherapy

science

Protein scaffolds are being developed as novel non-antibody-binding platforms to address significant challenges in traditional cancer immunotherapy, including high production costs, limited tumor penetration, immune-related toxicity, and therapeutic resistance. Scaffolds, which consist of Affibodies, DARPins, Anticalins, Monobodies (Adnectin), Knottins, and Avimers, are structurally stable, small in size, and serve as extensively modified proteins, offering higher solubility, rapid clearance...

NCBI     Jun 30, 2026